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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

The machine espresso utilizes precise pressure and filtering system that is awe-inspiring to create the coffee espresso machines you enjoy. What exactly is it?

To make espresso, hot water is pushed under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee but the key difference is in the pressure.

The Head of the Group

As the name suggests, the group head is the place you place your portafilter when making retro espresso maker. It disperses water in the portafilter, and regulates the pressure of extraction. There are many different kinds of group head each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Some are focused on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion capabilities, and still others are designed to control the lever. Some have a combination, like the E61. This is a favorite among baristas since it provides multiple advantages in a single package.

As you can see in the picture above the head of the group is equipped with several notches. You can place your portafilter in these notches and then turn the head around to secure it. There is also a gasket made from rubber which is located inside the notches to help create the seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches permit precise placement of the portafilter. This is vital for an accurate extraction.

The group head is not just able to allow you to put in your portafilter easily however it also keeps the same temperature. This is done by cycling hot water around the portafilter and through the brew-basket, making sure that the temperature is constant for extraction. This is crucial, since just a few degrees could make the difference between good and excellent espresso.

The Pump

In contrast to piston machines that are manually operated, that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps to supply the nine atmospheric bars of pressure necessary for espresso extraction. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically more affordable and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines are susceptible to degrading due to overuse and inadequate cleaning. They also make mechanically complex and can lead to costly prices for even the simplest models.

Certain espresso machines do away with the pump completely and instead utilize steam pressure to make espresso. This can result in over-extraction because the boiler that makes steam also causes the water to boil. The machines must also constantly rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.

Many espresso machines utilize a vibration or rotary pump, which has a vibration model using a vibrating disc to generate the pressure, and rotating models that push hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both machines can produce excellent espresso, however rotary machines are more stable, quieter and less likely to break.

The Boiler

The boiler is the part which heats the water to the ideal temperature for extraction. The resulting steam is then transferred to the portafilter that contains ground espresso beans and gets funnelled down into the cup. In this process, the steam creates pressure and pushes through the grounds of the coffee. This results in a layer of crema on top. This is one of the hallmarks of a great espresso.

There are three kinds of espresso machines, each with a different type of pump and brew temperature. There are different ways to control the brew as well as the size of the cup that can be made by the machine.

The earliest espresso machines were steam types. The first espresso machines were steam types. This led to the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. The modern espresso machine was created by the Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni.

The most commonly used espresso machine is a semiautomatic one with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machine with frother machines, they envision these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp your beans yourself while the pump controls the flow of water and pressure. This is a fantastic combination of human control and mechanised reliability.

The Filter

Typically, espresso machines employ filters that separate the grounds of the coffee as they go through the hot water. The filter is also a vital component of the temperature control system because it stops the machine from overheating.

It also helps with flavor, as a filter can allow for a longer bloom phase. This allows the beans to release their flavors, and improves extraction.

It is important to remember that even the finest filter can result in a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, and the extraction process, remain crucial.

It's in this area that the magic takes place. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead, also referred to as the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the thing you put the ground coffee in) is located when you're making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines make use of hot water heated in an airtight container to make steam. The steam then moves hot water through the grounds of coffee at high pressure. These kinds of machines are typically cheaper and easier to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited to create the ideal conditions for brewing as they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They use an air-compressor to push hot water across the ground, and are more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.